Geography & History Notes | KCSE, NECTA, ZIMSEC & GCSE

  Mussolini was born in 1883 in Romagna - Italy to a Black Smith. He was a well-educated man and graduate. In 1904, he joined a military school in Italy and in 1915 he fought in World War I . In 1921 , he founded the National Fascist Party and he adopted the Black Shirt Uniform which was the uniform of the soldiers that had served in World War I. Mussolini’s Fascist party got seats in the parliament of Italy and while there they demanded for representation in government. The government refused and in October 1922 , Mussolini and his army invaded Rome. King Victor Emmanuel III refused to resist Mussolini and his men and instead he allowed him to become the Prime Minister and requested him to form a government.  As a Prime Minister of Italy from 1922 to 1943, Mussolini created a fascist state. He abolished all the opposition groups and the Italian parliament collapsed.  Therefore, liberal Italy had fallen to Fascism. FACTORS THAT LED TO THE RISE OF FASCISM AND BENI...

  The Spanish Civil War of 1936-1939 was an armed conflict between the conservatives (church, land owners and Fascist elements) against the Republicans , socialists, communists and anarchists in Spain. The civil war broke out or started with a military or army uprising in Morocco on 17 th July 1936 triggered by the events in Madrid and it eventually spread to mainland Spain. The war was led by General Francisco Franco, a senior army officer in the Spanish army. The Nationalists, as the rebels under General Franco were called, were supported by Adolf Hitter of Germany and Benito Mussolini of Italy - the Nazists and Fascists respectively. The Republicans on the other hand received aid from the Soviet Union (Russia) as well as from the International Brigades composed of foreign volunteers from Europe and the United States. The war ended in 1939 with the victory of the Nationalists who overthrew a democratically elected Republican government and installed dictatorship in Spain that...