GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY

  Population policy policy is the document prepared by government to modify the way the population is changing either by promoting large families or immigration to increase its size or by encouraging the birth control to reduce it.  The population policy can be implicit or explicit. Explicit population policy set measures of how to directly control population for example by setting the number of children each family should have. Implicit population policy in other hand control population and its variables indirectly. The achievements of both past implicit and explicit Tanzanian population policies include the following. Increased awareness of population issues Fertility, infant and child mortality has declined over time; while the average life expectancy at birth has been going up.  Awareness of HIV and AIDS has reached over 95 percent among men and women above 15 years of age.  Increased awareness of the links and interrelationships between population, resourc...

  challenges which have necessitated review of the 1992 policy  and adoption of new 2006 population policy include the following. Increased forms and levels of gender-based violence, traditional harmful practices including FGM, sexual abuse, neglect and abandonment of children Need for relevant and affordable quality education and training at all levels High prevalence of STIs, HIV and AIDS High levels of adolescent pregnancies and early child bearing Frequent pregnancies and deliveries Increasing unemployment due to poor economic performance parallel with rapid labor force growth Persistently high maternal, infant and child mortality Rapid and unplanned urban growth Low status accorded to women in society Inadequate programmes to address specific reproductive health needs of particular population groups Increased incidence of drug and substance abuse xii. Increasing needs of disadvantaged groups, including orphans. RELATED POSTS COMPARISON BETWEEN FISHING IN KENYA AND JAPA...

  The constraints and limitations that were encountered during the implementation of the 1992 National Population Policy and the implicit population policies include the following. Inadequate trained human resources at all levels of implementation Inadequate financial and material resources Inadequate availability of age and gender disaggregated population related data Non-establishment of planned policy coordination and implementation arrangements Policies mainly addressed family planning and child spacing activities; this influenced limited participation of players in other reproductive health issues. Placing more emphasis on meeting demographic targets rather than the needs of individuals (males and females) Inadequate recognition of the relationship between poverty, population, environment, gender and development Inadequate advocacy to guarantee the required support for population and development issues Insufficient capacity and resources of NGOs engage...