Geography & History Notes | KCSE, NECTA, ZIMSEC & GCSE

Define the term Agrarian Revolution.  Agrarian Revolution refers to radical changes and improvements in agriculture and animal domestication.   The characteristics of agriculture in Western Europe before the 18th century.  Agrarian revolution started with invention and use of machines from mid 18th century, when food production increased as the number of workers on the farm reduced.  By the Neolithic period, agriculture had reached Europe, particularly Switzerland, Spain, Italy and Turkey, where rice and barley were mainly grown.  The following were the characteristics of agriculture in Western Europe before the 18th century:  Land belonged to the feudal lords, the church and the royal family.  Land was rented out to peasants, who paid by their labour.  Paths and cart tracks criss-crossed the land.  Farmers used the Broadcasting methods of planting.  Small scale farming and intercropping (growing of more than one crop on a piece of ...

  Rearing of animals due to the presence of pasture. This provides dairy products consumed to improve people’s welfare. Crop cultivation for example vine growing favoured by fertile soils. This provides the vine industry with raw materials. Transport along River Rhine which promotes trade and commerce. Fishing along River Rhine which provides proteins to people and support game fishing. Tourism for Example River cruises along R. Rhine. This brings foreign exchange used to provide social services. Industrialization in the towns of Mainz and Mannheim which provides employment, and revenue leading to development. Forestry and lumbering in the Black forest mountains provide materials for furniture and sawmills leading to development RELATED POSTS COMPARISON BETWEEN FISHING IN KENYA AND JAPAN THE CONCEPT OF ENVIRONMENT, COMPONENTS OF ENVIRONMENT AND THE PROBLEM FACING ENVIRONMENT Five (5) Advantages of questionnaire as data collection tool in research 5 DISADVANTAGES OF ROAD TRA...

  Flooding of the Rhine rift valley which destroys vine farms leading to losses by the farmers. Pests and diseases e.g.odium and peronospera disease and pests like red spiders, moths and worms destroy the crops. Shortage of labour during the busy harvesting periods leads to losses. Soil erosion on the steep slopes which leads to vine productivity. Soil exhaustion due to monoculture and over cultivation which leads to low vine yields. Frost during winter which hinders the growth of grapes leading to low yields. Pollution by acidic rains that destroy vine farms leading to losses. Limited land for extensive cultivation has limited production. Competition with other vine producing countries e.g.France limits market. Prolonged drought hinders the growth of vine. RELATED POSTS IMPORTANCE OF SOIL STRUCTURE     7 CHARACTERISTICS OF EQUATORIAL CLIMATE    7 ADVANTAGES OF WETLANDS     7 FACTORS INFLUENCING MASS WASTING    5 CONDITIONS FOR EXIS...

  The following are Problems facing farmers in Mwea irrigation scheme Stagnant ware encourages its breeding of snails and mosquitoes increasing incidences of   Bilharzia and malaria                                         Quelea birds which feed on rice grain lowers drop yield Siltation in canals reduces capacity to hold enough water for irrigation Fluctuating water volumes reduces water for irrigation Poor marketing strategies Delayed payment to farmers lowers their morale - Shortage of capital to finance farming activities such as plough RELATED POSTS IMPORTANCE OF SOIL STRUCTURE     7 CHARACTERISTICS OF EQUATORIAL CLIMATE    7 ADVANTAGES OF WETLANDS     7 FACTORS INFLUENCING MASS WASTING    5 CONDITIONS FOR EXISTENCE OF CORAL REEFS ...

  Leaching is removal of materials in solution or suspension downwards as water move vertically through the soil body by force of gravity. Leaching results into movements of soluble and suspended materials in water percolation. Leaching involves two forms: Elluviation - which is washing out of materials in solution or suspension from the overlying parts of the soil body; and  Illuviation - which is accumulation of materials taken from the overlying parts of the soil body. RELATED POSTS 9 CONDITIONS FAVOURING IRRIGATION FARMING IN EGYPT 5 CAUSES OF RURAL-RURAL MIGRATION IN KENYA 10 AIMS OF KILOMBERO VALLEY IRRIGATION SCHEME 4 FEATURES OF MAP STATEMENT SCALE 10 ADVANTAGES OF OIL PRODUCTION IN THE MIDDLE EAST 7 DISADVANTAGES OF AIR TRANSPORT 10 PROBLEMS FACING COFFEE FARMING IN KENYA IMPACTS OF POVERTY ON ENVIRONMENT 10 PROBLEMS FACING COTTON FARMING IN UGANDA COMPARISON BETWEEN FISHING IN KENYA AND JAPAN