Conditions leading to equatorial climate

 The following are the conditions leading to the equatorial climate 

  • Influence of trade winds, especially the southeast trade winds which blow over the Indian Ocean causing the intertropical convergence zone leading to heavy rainfall, high humidity along the equator.

Conditions leading to equatorial climate

  • Distance from the sea: areas near water bodies e.g. Lake Victoria and Kyoga receive heavy rains due to on-shore and off-shore breezes hence equatorial climate.

  • Latitudinal location: Areas along with the equator experience hot and wet conditions due to inter-tropical convergence zone (ITCZ) formed when winds converge at the equator blowing from different areas, especially over the Indian Ocean.

  • Ocean currents especially the warm Mozambique currents that bring heavy rainfall along the equatorial belt of East Africa.

  • Mans activities through afforestation & re-afforestation programs lead to the creation of green belts of vegetation leading to heavy rainfall along the equator.

  • Influence of vegetation: Thick forests e.g. Mabira lead to rainfall formation through evapotranspiration.

  • Savannah climate: it occurs between 5o to 15o north and south of the Equator. It's found in the broad zone between the equatorial climate and the hot desert.

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